A.
Pengertian Direct Speech adalah kalimat langsung / kutipan asli
pada suatu pembicaraan tanpa adanya suatu perubahan. Penulisan Direct Speech
selalu di apit oleh tanda kutip dan kalimat selalu di awali huruf kapital.
Indirect Speech adalah kalimat
tidak langsung / bentuk kalimat yang menceritakan kembali pendapat /
pembicaraan seseorang yang mengalami modifikasi tertentu.
B. Pengertian dan contoh direct speech dan indirect
speech
Terdapat tiga
jenis direct speech dan indirect speech :
- Kalimat Berita / Pernyataan ( Declarative / Statement )
Contoh Kalimat :
- Direct : She says: “I go to school everyday.”
- Indirect : She says that he goes to school everyday.
- Direct : Doni said: “I am doing my job here now.”
- Indirect : Doni said that he was doing his job there
then.
- Kalimat Perintah ( Command )
* Positive
Command
Dalam pola ini kalimat pengantar
dinyatakan dengan kata kerja : tell, ask, advise, etc. Diikuti
oleh “to infinitive“.
Contoh Kalimat Positif
Command :
- Direct : The teacher said to me :
“open your book”
- Indirect : The teacher asked me to
open my book
* Negative Command
Contoh Kalimat
Negative Command :
- Direct : Father asked me : “ Don’t
go out”
- Indirect : Father asked me no to go
out.
- Kalimat Pertanyaan ( Question )
Bila pertanyaan langsung dalam bentuk YES dan
NO answer maka IF atau WHETHER sebagai pendukung antara introductory phrase dan
reported words. Kalimat pengantar untuk pola ialah : He asked me IF / WHETHER…… Contoh Kalimat :
- Direct : we asked the man “Do you like coffe?”
- Indirect : we asked the man if/whether he liked coffe.
- Direct : seisy asked Helen : “have you seen that film?”
- Indirect : seisy asked Helen if/whether she had seen that
film.
- Direct : we asked him : ”will you be doing anything by
this time tomorrow?”
- Indirect : we asked him if/whether he would be doing
anything by this time tomorrow.
Auxiliaries
- Direct : the man asked me :’’can you speak English?
- Indirect : the man asked me if/whether I could speak English
Bila pertanyaan menggunakan kata-kata Tanya seperti : where,
when, what, why, who, whose, how, etc. maka kata-kata tersebut
berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara introductory pharse dan reported words,
dengan pola sbb:
He asked me + Question Words+reported
words(positive) Contoh Kalimat:
- Direct : we asked the man :’where do you live?”
- Indirect : we asked the man where he live.
- Direct : we asked him :’’ where were you going by 5 p.m
yesterday?”
- Indirect : we asked him where he had been going by 5 p.m
yesterday.
MIXED TYPE (GABUNGAN)
Bila suatu pernyataan(statement), dan
pertanyaan (question) digabung maka digunakan kata penghubung AND dan AS.
Perhatikan contoh-contoh berikut ini :
- Direct : adi said to seisi : I’am off to the movie. Where
are you going?
- Indirect : adi said to seisi that he was off to the movie
and asked where she was going
- Direct : the man asked me :’’what time is it? My watch has
stopped’’
- Indirect : the man asked me what time it was as his watch
had stopped
Bila suatu pertanyaan dan jawabannya (YES
& NO) digabung, maka digunakan kata penghubung AND dan BUT.
Contoh Kalimat :
- Direct : I asked him:’’Do you like this?Yes, (I do)
- Indirect : I asked him if/whether he liked that and he said
he did.
- Direct : nia asked doni :’’will you go out tonight? No, (I
won’t)
- Indirect : nia asked donin if/whether he would go out that
night but he said he wouldn’t.
Beberapa hal penting yang perlu diperhatikan!
A. Must
Dalam bentuk present Must menjadi Had
to
Contoh :
- Direct : She told me, “You must stay She told me that.
- Indirect : Here until 11.00” I had to stay there until
11.00.
Dalam bentuk future Must menjadi would
have to
Contoh :
- Direct : He told me,”you must come again tomorrow”
- Indirect : He told me that I would have to come the
following day
Larangan atau hukuman Must menjadi musn’t/wasn’t
to
- Direct : He told me,”you musn’t drive a car without
license”.
- Indirect : He told me that I musn’t a car without a license
drive.
B. Kebenaran umum
tidak mengalami perubahan tense
Contoh :
- Direct : He told me,’’the sun rises in the east”
- Indirect : He told me the sun rises in the east.
C. Offers (Menawarkan)
Contoh :
- Direct : “shall I bring you some tea?”
- Indirect : He offered to bring me some tea.
D. Let’s
Let’s biasanya menyatakan suatu ajakan dan
kemudian menjadi suatu saran dalam indirect speech.
Contoh :
- Direct : He said,”let’s leave the case at the station”
- Indirect : He suggested leaving the case at the station.
E . Exclamation
Exclamations(seruan,heran,kagum,dsb). Harus
menjadi suatu pernyataan dalam indirect speech Contoh:
- Direct : he said,”what a beautiful hair she has!”
- Indirect : he said that she had a beautiful hair.
- Direct : he said,”what a dreadful thing!”
- Indirect : he said that it was a dreadful thing.
http://cepatbisainggris.com/2014/06/04/materi-tentang-direct-indirect-speech/
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